Prime Minister Kurti's party is out in front ahead of Kosovo's elections

Kosovo goes to the polls on Sunday in a parliamentary election expected to be a key test for Prime Minister Albin Kurti after his governing party won in a landslide four years ago.

Eligible voters, including those of the diaspora, will cast ballots to elect 120 lawmakers among 26 political groupings and one independent candidate in a vote held from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. The Serb minority has 10 secured seats while 10 more are for other minorities.

This is the first time since independence in 2008 that Kosovo's parliament has completed a full four-year mandate. It is the ninth parliamentary vote in Kosovo since the end of the 1998-1999 war between Serbian government forces and ethnic Albanian separatists that pushed Serbian forces out following a 78-day NATO air campaign. Serbia does not recognise Kosovo’s independence, proclaimed in 2008.

Kurti’s left-wing Vetevendosje! or Self-Determination Movement Party is seen as the front-runner but is not expected to win the necessary majority to govern alone, leaving open the possibility the other two contenders join ranks if he fails to form a Cabinet.

“On Feb. 9 we vote for the future,” said Kurti, “We vote for Vetevendosje!”

The other contenders are the Democratic Party of Kosovo, or PDK, whose main leaders are at The Hague tribunal accused of war crimes, and the Democratic League of Kosovo, or LDK, the oldest party in the country that lost much of its support after the death in 2006 of its leader, Ibrahim Rugova.

During the election campaign the parties made big-ticket pledges to increase public salaries and pensions, improve education and health services, and fight poverty. However, they did not explain where the money would come from, nor how they would attract more foreign investment.

“We have a plan for each city, each family, each persons,” said Bedri Hamza of the PDK.

“We have an alternative to guarantee a better life in Kosovo,” said Lumir Abdixhiku of the LDK.

Kosovo, with a population of 1.6 million, is one of the poorest countries in Europe with an annual gross domestic product of less than 6,000 Euros per person.

Kosovo is also suffering after Washington imposed a 90-day freeze on funding for different projects through the U.S. Agency for International Development, which has been key in promoting the country’s growth. The U.S. has invested 1.9 billion euros in Kosovo since 1999, including investments of over one billion euros from USAID.

The vote will determine who will lead the Kosovo side in stalled normalisation talks with neighbouring Serbia, facilitated by the European Union to get both sides closer to joining the bloc.

Kurti has been at odds with Western powers over some Cabinet actions last year, such as a ban on using the Serbian dinar and transfers from Serbia to citizens of Kosovo who depend on social services and payments. Washington, Brussels and the NATO-led stabilization force KFOR have urged the government in Pristina to refrain from unilateral actions, fearing the revival of inter-ethnic conflict.

Mimoza Ahmetaj, opposition MP from the conservative RDK party and former ambassador to the EU told Euronews:

“we need to go back to Brussels and continue our dialogue that has been initiated years back in order to close this chapter of dispute and move into another chapter, which will bring more perspectives to the Kosovo citizens no matter of their origins and their ethnicity"

The EU suspended funding for some projects almost two years ago. Brussels has already set conditions for the gradual lifting of the temporary measure, linked to Kosovo taking steps to de-escalate tensions in the north, where most of the Serb minority lives.

“The new government must take decisive steps to restore credibility and partnership with EU and United States, including the fulfilment of all the obligations that stem from the dialogue with Serbia,” said analyst Ilir Deda.

The EU-facilitated normalisation talks with Serbia received little attention during the electoral campaign, though their relations remain tense.

“The EU expects Kosovo’s new government to engage constructively in the normalisation dialogue with Serbia. This is central to both Serbia and Kosovo’s integration paths,” a European Commission spokesperson told The Associated Press.

"Even if Albin Kurti will say in a day or two that he will not form the association of the Serbian municipalities we expect the implementation of that agreement and creation of this association of the Serbian municipalities" says Milan Radojević, one of the leaders of the Serbian List party in Northern Kosovo.

The Serbian List is being regarded by the Kosovan Albanians as a direct extension of the Serbian president Aleksandar Vucić's Progressive Party.

Both the EU and the United States have urged the two sides to implement agreements reached two years ago that include a commitment by Kosovo to establish an Association of Serb-Majority Municipalities. Serbia was also expected to deliver on the de facto recognition of Kosovo.

KFOR increased its presence in Kosovo after last years' tensions and added more for the parliamentary election period.

A team of 100 observers from the European Union, 18 from the Council of Europe and scores of others from international or local organisations will monitor the vote.